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Kural No. 82 · Virtue (Aram) · Ch 9

Hospitality

விருந்தோம்பல்
Original Kural · ஓலைச்சுவடி
விருந்து புறத்ததாத் தானுண்டல் சாவா
மருந்தெனினும் வேண் டற்பாற் றன்று.

Virundhu Puraththadhaath Thaanuntal Saavaa / Marundheninum Ventarpaar Randru

Classical English couplet — “Though food of immortality should crown the board,Feasting alone, the guests without unfed, is thing abhorred”

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A
Simple English Meaning
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What it says in plain words

“Eating alone while guests wait outside is unworthy, even if the food you're consuming could grant immortality itself.”

B
எளிய தமிழ் விளக்கம் · Simple Tamil Interpretation

The classical Tamil reading

விருந்தினராக வந்தவர் வீட்டின் புறத்தே இருக்கத் தான் மட்டும் உண்பது சாவாமருந்தாகிய அமிழ்தமே ஆனாலும் அது விரும்பத்தக்கது அன்று

C
ஆழமான தமிழ் விளக்கம் · Deeper Tamil Commentary

An expanded Tamil interpretation

விருந்தினராக வந்தவரை வெளியே விட்டுவிட்டுச் சாகாத மருந்தாக இருந்தாலும் அதனைத் தான் மட்டும் உண்பது விரும்பத் தக்க பண்பாடல்ல

D
Deeper English Meaning
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The ethical and philosophical heart

This couplet draws a striking moral contrast between material gain and human dignity. The poet invokes the most valuable substance imaginable—a mythical elixir of immortality—and declares that even this ultimate prize loses all worth when enjoyed in isolation while others who have honored you with their presence stand excluded. The teaching cuts to the ethical core of hospitality: it is fundamentally about generosity of spirit, not merely the sharing of resources. To feast while guests wait outside reveals a poverty of character that no amount of personal gain can redeem. The hyperbole serves a clear purpose: if even immortality cannot justify such selfishness, then nothing can. True civilization, Valluvar suggests, is measured not by what we possess but by how we share it. The verse challenges us to examine our priorities—are we more committed to personal advantage or to the bonds of human community? In elevating the guest above even self-preservation, the Kural establishes hospitality as a supreme moral virtue.

E
Practical Example (English)
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In personal life, work and society

Personal
A neighbor drops by unexpectedly while you're enjoying a special treat you've been saving; setting aside your plans to share it honors their visit more than any private pleasure.
Workplace
When visitors arrive during a team lunch meeting, immediately including them rather than asking them to wait demonstrates that relationships matter more than convenience.
Family
A college student rushing to finish a meal before an exam still pauses to welcome and seat an aunt who arrives unannounced, recognizing that human connection transcends deadlines.
Society
Community centers that ensure no one seeking warmth or food is turned away, even when resources are limited, embody the principle that inclusion cannot wait for abundance.
F
Modern Application (English)
AI-assisted

How to apply this today

Decision-making
Evaluate choices not just by personal benefit but by their impact on those who depend on or trust you—inclusion should precede optimization.
Integrity
Practice consistency between private behavior and public values; what you do when no one is watching reveals your true character.
Communication
Create spaces where all voices are welcomed before proceeding with important conversations—exclusion corrodes trust faster than any single decision.
Leadership
Model generosity by sharing credit, resources, and opportunities before securing your own position—hoarding diminishes influence.
Governance
Design policies that prioritize the dignity of every stakeholder over efficiency gains that benefit only the powerful or well-positioned.
G
Leadership Lesson (English)
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For leaders and teams

Leaders who advance their own interests while excluding team members from opportunity or recognition—no matter how justified the personal gain—erode the foundation of trust and loyalty that makes sustained success possible.

H
Reflection Question (English)
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Something to sit with

“When was the last time you postponed a personal advantage to honor someone's presence or need, and what did that choice reveal about what you truly value?”

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Disclaimer

This application provides educational explanations of the Thirukkural. English meanings and AI-assisted explanations are intended to make the text easier to understand. Classical texts can have multiple valid interpretations.

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